dehney



(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. H. DEHNEY. COMBINED PLUMB, S UARE; AND LEVEL. No. 280,358. Patented July 3, 1883.

WITNESSES 1 JV VEJV T 015 N. PETERS, Pmwmm mr, Walllingionjflfi I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

WILLIAM H. DEHNEY, or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

COMBINED PLUMB, SQUARE, AND LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,358, dated July 3, 1883.

A Application filed October 30, 1882. (ModeL) 5 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. DEHNEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Plumb, Square, and Level; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure f the drawings is a front elevation of the instrument when closed and adapted for use as a plumb; Fig. 2, a similar view of the reverse side thereof; Fig. 3, a view showing the instrument opened and adapted for use as a level, the side of the upright portion being removed to show the interior construction; Fig. 4, a cross-section on an enlarged scale, taken on line y y of Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a longitudinal central section of Fig. 2; Fig. 6, a detail view of the cam-ring; and Fig. 7 is a detail view, showing a portion of the stock or frame of the instrument and the flanged ring.

The present invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in instruments adapted for use either as a plumb,

square, or level; and the object thereof is to construct such an instrument as will be both practical and effective in its various uses, and rendering the processof changing to a level very simple and accurate. These objects I attain by the construction substantially as shown in the drawings, and hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the frame or stock of the instrument, consisting of the two sections a b, which form the sides, connected together at one end by screws or other suitable fastenings, 0. These sections a b, which are of metal or other suitable material, receive between them the straight-edge B, also composed of two sections, d 0, held together by suitable screws. The, section a of the stock or frame Ahas at one end a circular opening to receive a flanged ring, 0, held therein by lugs 9 upon the periphery of the ring, said ring having interior screw-threads to receive the screw-threaded flange h of a cap, D. Both the ring 0 and cap D are provided with glass panels 4;, so that the plumb-bob can be seen from either side of the instrument.

The sections (1 e of the straight-edge B are both formed at one end with circular openings to fit over the flanged ring 0, and also notches to fit over the lugs 9 whereby the straight-edge B and ring 0 are prevented from turning independent of each other. A cam-ring, E, fits over the ring 0 after the sections (1 e are in place, the flanged ring, the straight-edge sections, and the cam-ring being firmly held to-' gether by the cap D, which is screwed down in place, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The camring E has asuitable handle, k, for operating it, and the flanged ring 0 an elongated opening, 1, through which extends the pendulum m, having connected to its end the bobn. The pendulum m, at its upper end, has a pivot, 19, over which fits the slotted end of a pointer, 1', said pointer being pivoted at s to the straightedge sections, as is also the pendulum m at the point t, as shown in Fig. 3. The end of the section 6, upon its interior face, has graduations u, and the opposite section, d, has an opening with a glass front, so that the pointer r and graduations can be distinctly seen.

When the instrument is closed, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it may be then used as a plumb, and whenopen, as in Fig. 3, it is ready for use as a level, the stock or frame A and the straight-edge B being at right angles to each other. In this position the pointer r will show that the stock or frame A is perfectly horizontal and level, and when required as a bevel the straight-edge B is brought to an acute angle with the stock or frame. The straightedge B can be brought around to the position as shown in Fig. 3, and also used as a plumb, the instrument. being held vertically, the pointer 1* indicating whenplumb, or what degree out of plumb, or how many inches to the foot out of plumb, as the case may be. The straight-edge section d has graduation-marks upon its face to serve as a rule. The straight- By the employment of the cam-ring E the position of the straight-edge B can be adjusted and set at any angle desired, thus producing all'the elements desirable in a bevel or try square, rendering the instrument useful for various purposes.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The stock or frame A, composed of the two sections a I), having at one end openings covered with glass panels, in combination with the adjustable straight-edge B, composed of the. sections d e, and provided with graduations u, and the pendulum m, bob n, and'the pointer o", saidpointer having its end slotted and fitting over a pivot, 19, upon the end of the pendulum m, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The stock or frame A and straight-edge 20 B, in combination with the flanged ring 0, cap D, and cam-ring E, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence 25 

